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KMID : 0903619940350040370
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Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science
1994 Volume.35 No. 4 p.370 ~ p.386
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Effects of Environmental Conditions and Growth Regulators on Flower Bud Abscission and Flowering of Potted Camellia
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Abstract
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Potted camellias (Camellia japonica L.) have severe problems about flower bud abscission when they grow under indoor conditions. This study was conducted to find out the cause and prevention of flower bud abscission in potted camellias. ´Beniotome´ camellias were used in this experiment. The effects of relative humidity and shading after forcing, time of forcing, and growth regulators such as silver thiosulfate (STS), calcium acetate, daminozide, and dichlorprop on flower bud abscission and flowering were studied.
Flower bud abscission of potted camellias appeared to be closely related to relative humidity and ethylene production. Flower bud abscission greatly increased when plants were placed under low relative humidity. Flower bud abscission was also increased as ethylene production of leaves was high. Ethylene accelerated the development of abscission layer at the pedicels resulting in the stimulation of flower bud abscission. No clear relations were found between the rate of flower bud abscission and polygalacturonase activity or pectin solubility of potted camellia pedicels. Shading did not affect the flower bud abscission of potted camellias.
Maintaining the potted camellias under 80% relative humidity after forcing significantly reduced flower bud abscission but increased total number of opened flowers and enhanced flower quality. Application of 2 mM STS prior to indoor forcing significantly increased the cumulative number of opened flowers and extended the duration of flowering due to the effective inhibition of flower bud abscission. Single application of STS at 10 days before indoor forcing or double application of STS at 10 days before indoor forcing and forcing date were very effective on the inhibition of flower bud abscission. Polygalacturonase activity and pectin solubility were relatively low in STStreated pedicels. Calcium acetate (50 mM) showed similar effect to STS on the control of flower bud abscission. Flower bud abscission was low and the time required to flowering after forcing was shortened when indoor forcing was late during the season. However, dichlorprop and uniconazole did not prevent the flower bud abscission of potted camellias.
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